Ars and Crafts Movement

The arts and crafts movement was all about quality.  The leader of the English Arts and Crafts movement William Morris called for purpose and truth to the nature of the materials and methods of production and individual expression.
John Ruskin inspired the philosophy of Morris' movement.  According to Ruskin there was a severance of art and society caused by industrialization and the development of technology.  His claim is that creativity took a hit due to these factors, basically people just wanted to make products quickly in order to make money.  Ruskin believed that beautiful things were useful simply because they were beautiful.
Morris rested well to the beliefs of Ruskin and suggested that art and craft needed to be looked at a bit closer.  Mass produced goods lack this "honest" craftsmanship that needed to be applied when making all goods, from fabrics to buildings.

William Morris, Rose fabric design, 1883

Cabinet design for Morris and Company, 1861. Paintings by Ford Madox Brown, which illustrate the honeymoon of the fifteenth-century Italian King Rene of Anjou, grace this cabinet. Meggs' History of Graphic design 5th edition